Publication

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe form of tuberculosis (TB) that affects the meninges, frequently causing major neurological problems. Timely diagnosis and care are crucial to avoid unfavorable consequences, particularly in vulnerable populations.

Respiratory burden after spinal cord trauma is one of the major concerns of mortality in patients. The second leading cause of death in these patients is pneumonia. Both mortality factors depend on how effectively mechanical ventilation has been provided to the patients. Studies have shown that timely respiratory support in spinal cord trauma can reduce the inflammatory markers, which helps in fast recovery and less admit time.

Alcohol use has been identified as a major global risk factor for mortality and disability, accounting for an estimated 5.3% of all deaths and 5.1% of disability-adjusted life-years. It is an inevitable risk factor for stroke, physical trauma, cardiovascular illnesses, and certain forms of cancer. Age, sex, familial history of stroke, cigarette smoking, hypertension, obesity, and lack of exercise are attributes that increase the risk of stroke.

Atrial fibrillation stands as one of the deadliest forms of arrhythmia known to mankind due to its severe complication and co-morbidities. Association with gut dysbiosis is profound. The gut microbiota hosts a diverse variety of microbes crucial for immune function and protection against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Poor lifestyle habits such as diet, decreased physical activity, and drug disrupt this gut homeostasis.

Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, contributing significantly to global cancer-related mortality. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains a major cause, alongside genetic predisposition. Studies reveal that 10% of GC cases exhibit familial clustering, while 50% of patients experience relapse despite treatment.

FODMAPs diet abbreviated for fermentable, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols significantly influence the gut microbiota. Low FODMAPs diet reduces the intake of fermentable molecule and thus alleviate the symptoms of IBS. This happens because of decreasing gut dysbiosis and visceral hypersensitivity. On the other hand, high FODMAPs diet exacerbates GI symptoms by promoting dysbiosis and increasing harmful short chain fatty acids.

This comprehensive review delves into the complexities of Depersonalization-Derealization disorder, a dissociative disorder characterized by enduring feelings of detachment from oneself & surroundings. Tracing its historical roots & its current classification as a singular disorder, the review meticulously explores the clinical presentation, epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, & management of DPDR. Despite many trials & studies conducted the exact cause of this condition is still unknown.

Chandipura virus (CHPV), has emerged as a critical pathogen responsible for severe encephalitis outbreaks in rural India, predominantly affecting children. This review examines the current understanding of CHPV epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, and available diagnostic & treatment strategies. CHPV, transmitted primarily through phlebotomine sandflies, can cause rapid progression from febrile illness to severe neurological symptoms & death, with a high case fatality rate.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasing international health concern, affecting roughly a quarter of the population and being linked to metabolic syndrome, obesity, and insulin resistance. Lifestyle variables, notably dietary choices and physical exercise, have an important role in both the development and management of NAFLD, with interventions showing promise for slowing disease progression.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of lung cancer deaths, with rising global incidence. Open thoracotomy has been a standard treatment but is associated with increased complications, pain, & prolonged recovery. Minimally invasive surgery, including robotic-assisted and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, enhances precision and perioperative outcomes.

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), commonly referred to as stress-induced cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, is a disorder characterized by acute left ventricular failure & apical ballooning that tends to occur due to extreme psychological or physical stress. Mainly affecting postmenopausal women, it has great similarities with other cardiac conditions like acute coronary syndrome. However, it has characteristic and distinct pathophysiology and disease progression.

L-carnitine (LC) is integral to energy production and fatty acid metabolism, facilitating the transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for ß-oxidation. It modulates metabolic pathways, including pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, proteolysis, and protein synthesis, while having anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. LC can be commonly applied to win the battle against HIV and cancer cachexia.

Human metapneumovirus is a respiratory pathogen that infects children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Despite its global prevalence, underdiagnosis persists because of clinical overlap with other respiratory viruses. The current approach is mostly supportive, with oxygen therapy and hydration being crucial interventions. Ribavirin contains antiviral properties but has little clinical application.

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe form of tuberculosis that affects the meninges, frequently causing major neurological problems. Timely diagnosis & care are crucial to avoid unfavorable consequences, particularly in vulnerable populations. This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic problems & management complications of TBM, especially when combined with rare neurological events such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS).